Contracted or shortened characters for print



Aug. 28, 1923. 1,466565 E. R.. SANTONQ CONTRACTED OR SHORTENEDCHARACTERS FOR PRINT Fi l6d March 24. 1921 Dem Schwachen ist seinSkachei auch gegeben *Ew an *Ee am @e1"a N ehngzgo d;el camin d1' noskmvita "H mz G. (EH-H1 G1-IEE V3 Uwssn ;sm@ss Pafcszme Aug;

?ATENT1QFFE@E@ o;ommomn os smomnmr'nn omAnmmnns Fan mmm.

Applfloation fileai liiaxch24, 1921. Serial Nd. 455,311.

T all whom i my'comem:

Eo it known that I, 'Ewowmo SAN- TONI school tesohexe, a subjeot of 'teKing of Itaiy, and resiingsfi Anoonm, .Italy (whose postoficia addressis 11 Via del Comuno, Anoona, Ifos%y}, hawe invonted certainnew snuseful smprovements in Contraoted or Shortenodi Characters for Print,

013 which ftho following is a specification.

.The objoct o1f my pressnt inveawsion is 'bo.

prm 7ide c0ntra'cod ohsmoters for print themaaiu featmrelof whiehconsists in hat one fundamental o2 primary Retter, such as for instanceizhe fi1st or initial lefctsr of s syllable, has the ot;her Ittsfs ofEhe syllalolo so embodlied or merged in, ox annoxeoi to itse'lf,

that the eni:ire syllable EOI'IIIS but one character er symbol, er m;the most two characters' or symbois tho said sec0ndary letters bei1ngomboiecl into the primsry ones in a reduced 01 symbolized shape, orannexed tothe primsry ones by superposition, equally in a, reduced 01'symbolized shape.

In tho annexed sheet of dmwing four brief sentences' in the German,French, English andi Italian languages am represented in contmoted printaccording to the invention in one of its modificatmns by way o'f exampleAs is seen; each line of prinfi. formed by 1ny imprved contractedcharacters is therefore, so to Say, two storied corhprising a firststory or degree of fundatnental letters with the secondary ones embodiedor merged therein, and an upper o1 secon'd story or degree comprisingthe overhead or mobile letters or symbols, the lafcte1 also comprisingreduplication or gemination, inversion and blank symbols or spac6s, aswell a3 aocents and other diacritical signs.

My prsent invention aims als a subStanfial economy of time and la.bourin the composiin each of the Roman charactrs a. mainbr characteristicalpart may b distinguished;

frpm rno re accessory 011 s'ubordinate parts; The mzmn festure f a formstance is the square [j ai izhe botom of e ths cresceni; 3 at oho topofi the 010i: of o the 1ower half cirolo \u/ und of u ths parallel 1inesWhich for conveniencemay b@ used m o honzonai posihon:

These vowels thus reuoed o1 symbolized am inser'ced- 01 mergedinto thebody of ah.s

consonants so as to form. short syllabkas comtracted to' a inglecharactor o1 s mboi, which mems an economypf spacs o 50%, for instance:

and so'forth n y In the oase of the consonants not forming the initiallette r of the sylIab-le hat: one of thoinner Ieters of same, they maybo expressed as f0Elows:

The characteristic or main feature of 1 for instancebein a stmi htiine,I insert sa.me in a slight y inline position in tho contractedsyllables:

and so forth.

As the main feature of r I tsko the latoral hook er erotohet and insertsame in this s mbolized shape into the contracteci syllab es, asfollows:

The 'consonant n is mainly oharacterized by a horse shoe open to thobottom r'1, andl is inserted in this syrhbolized shape into thesyllables, for instance as follows:

and so forth.

By thus merging the three liquids l, r, and n into the initialconsoriants cf simg5le syllables I realize an aconomy' oi i:ims andspace of 3 in the composition of the print. v In the combinations qua,que, quo the u is always th e central etter so as to exclude any doubtas to its positioh; so

that the symbols:

Q a and 9 ui, und

must by ne ces sity be read: qua, que, qui, anfl' With a blank type, soas to preveht the -A2s main feature cf h I take the long vertical strokeand insept same into the syllables in vrtical posit1on in oroler 130d1stinguish it; from tfhe inclined stroke of l,

in the' follo'wing manner: ch= (i, che== ghe= as' dis*inguished from clegle "Ehe symbols or eharacters of my new system are of the height cf theshort letters cf b an aste'risk' k thereby doing away'with tewholemajuscule alphabet.

All cf the algove clescribed leters according to the chsen modificationer exarnPle -of my improved System. are fundamental letters, asdistinguished from the superposed m7erhead or mobile symbols, wh1chlatter form the up'9er story er seco nd legree of a print lineaccorcling to my inventionso cl1at each fundamental letzter; er lettercf first degree has superposed 'to it an overheacl letter er symbol.Wherethere is 110 letter to be superposecl to a fundamental letter *bhespace in Ehe 00mpbsition is filled compesition 01 matter from becomingloosened. 'Ihe overhead lefmbers are symboliaecl shapes or contractionsof the alphabetgical letters, as has been eli%scribed rf0r instaneeaathe vowels a= E], e=c i= e 1 0 n whilsi; tl1e consonants l m n 46:67)S pressecl by the following Symbols: l:'-, m= rn n= P1, I=/ and s== Theliquiels l, m, n, .r when usecl as ovenheacl letilers are read in allespelling after :he fundamental letters to whichthey are snperpesed,whilsl; all the etl1er overheacl letters are read before the fundamentallei;- ters ao Wlli0l'l they are superposed. In ehe case however, of1their being intended to be reael afer ehe fundamental leitenor lettersto wlnich ?ney are superpose, they am distinguis'hed lay a sxnall am=owpointing to the righfo: enehas im instanee:

ega=-Ei l'out gas== As a sign cf reduplication er geminat1on of 1thefundamental leiten an oven= nead symbel such es v 1s used, for mstanceGate Q ancl as a sign that the fundamental letters to wh1ch it issuperimposed should lue read ins es overhesid letters may be exverfied,so that the vowel insleadof heilig read after, is to be read before checonsonantl zl=a and so.forth 50% ef space is econemized.

As a further abbreviation twe overhead letter-s may be fused, such esior instance:

11=7' ls== nm=w=} mn= el and so forth.

lt -is unclers izo0d thai; my above described contracecl priht is notinlzendecl to theroughly mplace or subsitiaute Lhe usual' print,

but only to be useol in cases Where it is de sirable .to havesmallhandleable Toooks er pamphlets. such es poclxet editicns efseientific hanclbooks, guides and such like The letters t, q and z a1eexpressecl l0y filme sym- .l ols t=T, Z=Z.

By way ofexampleanclas a prof thatand how my contraeted print may beused for the four 'prineipal languages a sentence in euch of them hasbeen reprodneed in the annexed drawin namely In English: neler the zeigee1f Edwarcl the Fourth of England Fox- Genman: Bern Schwachen ist seinStachel auch gegeben For labalian: Nel mezzo clel eammin di For- French:Cette obscu1=e elarte': qui

tombe des etoiles but it s obvious thau my new eysafiem may also beapplied to Slav er ether Iianguages.

Having now fully deseribecl .my saicl invent.ion and the manner inwnicla the same is' to be performel;

I claiza:

l. Contraczted character fo1 pri1dl', comprising, in eombinaiion, afundamental leZ- ter, symbolized seeonary lexbters inserterl in same andsymbelizecl mobile overhead letters superposecl ;o same, such asclescribe and illustrafte&

2. Contraetecl chazracter for priniu such es describedl comprising incombina'tion, a

from the B0man alphabeb, inserted into overhead symbols forreduplication und inthe said fundamental lettr, and symbolized versionof the fundamental letters to which mobile overhefld letters taken fromthe Rothey are superposed.

man alphabet=suPerposed to the said fun- In testimony whereof I havehereunto '15 5 damental letzter, such as described and illussigned myname in the presence of two wittrated. h nasses.

3. Contraoted character for print suc as described, compris'ing, in.combination, a 'ENOTRIO RIENZO SANTONI furidamental letter-, symbolizedsecondary W1tnesses: 10 letters inserted in .same, symbolized mobileDU'ILIO NARI)ONI,

overhead letters' superp0sed to same, und Lunov1co RU'FFO m CALABRIA.

